It also contains the Tikhvin Cemetery with graves of many notable Petersburgers. [34], Leningrad gave its name to the Leningrad Affair (1949–1952), a notable event in the postwar political struggle in the USSR. The five most disastrous floods occurred in 1824 (4.21 m or 13 ft 10 in above sea level, during which over 300 buildings were destroyed[b]), 1924 (3.8 m, 12 ft 6 in), 1777 (3.21 m, 10 ft 6 in), 1955 (2.93 m, 9 ft 7 in), and 1975 (2.81 m, 9 ft 3 in). [75] On 3 October 2018, Poltavchenko resigned, and Alexander Beglov was appointed acting governor.[4]. [122], After the assassinations of City Property Committee chairman and vice-Governor Mikhail Manevich (1997), State Duma deputy Galina Starovoytova (1998), acting City Legislature Speaker Viktor Novosyolov (1999) and a number of prominent businesspeople, Saint Petersburg was dubbed Capital of Crime in the Russian press. In the 1920s and 1930s, the poor outskirts were reconstructed into regularly planned boroughs. Saint Petersburg is also the unofficial but de facto administrative centre of Leningrad Oblast, and of the Northwestern Federal District. In 2004 the Kuryokhin Center was founded, were the SKIF as well as the Electro-Mechanica and Ethnomechanica festivals take place. These terms and conditions outline the rules and regulations for the use of St Petersburg Foundation’s Website, located at StPete.foundation. Lessner in 1904, with designs by Boris Loutsky, and it survived until 1910.[78]. Kirov Stadium with a capacity of 70 thousand seats (now a modern Gazprom Arena since 2017) which will host 2018 FIFA World Cup matches was one of the largest stadiums in the world and home to FC Zenit Saint Petersburg from 1950 to 1993 and again in 1995. Another important feature of early Saint Petersburg literature is its mythical element, which incorporates urban legends and popular ghost stories, as the stories of Pushkin and Gogol included ghosts returning to Saint Petersburg to haunt other characters as well as other fantastical elements, creating a surreal and abstract image of Saint Petersburg. [citation needed]. 20, named Leningrad, alongside Stalingrad, Sevastopol, and Odessa, hero cities of the war. [115] In the warmer months many smaller boats and water-taxis maneuver the canals throughout the city. In 2012, following passage of a new federal law,[74] restoring direct elections of heads of federal subjects, the city charter was again amended to provide for direct elections of governor. Saint Petersburg is a major transport hub. It often appeared to Russian writers as a menacing and inhuman mechanism. The style of Petrine Baroque, developed by Trezzini and other architects and exemplified by such buildings as the Menshikov Palace, Kunstkamera, Peter and Paul Cathedral, Twelve Collegia, became prominent in the city architecture of the early 18th century. The Helsinki railway, built in 1870 and 443 kilometers (275 mi) long, has trains running five times a day, in a journey lasting about three and a half hours with the Allegro train. The company's filing status is listed as Active and its File Number is N18000013395. These include the Student Theatre on Mokhovaya Street. Sankt-Peterburg, IPA: [ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk] (listen)), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), is the second-largest city in Russia. Saint Petersburg has an extensive city-funded network of public transport (buses, trams, trolleybuses) and several hundred routes served by marshrutkas. TONS OF QUESTIONS! The 462 m (1,516 ft) high Lakhta Center has become the first tallest skyscraper in Russia and Europe outside of Moscow. Saint Petersburg and Leningrad Oblast, being two different federal subjects, share a number of local departments of federal executive agencies and courts, such as court of arbitration, police, FSB, postal service, drug enforcement administration, penitentiary service, federal registration service, and other federal services. On 6 September 1991, the original name, Sankt-Peterburg, was returned by citywide referendum. The first is the city’s harmonious mix of western European and Russian architecture. The first Russian-style happening show Pop Mekhanika, mixing over 300 people and animals on stage, was directed by the multi-talented Sergey Kuryokhin in the 1980s. In 2008, the World Monuments Fund included the Saint Petersburg historic skyline on the watch list of the 100 most endangered sites due to the expected construction, which threatens to alter it drastically. During the 20th century, the city experienced dramatic population changes. Some evacuees returned after the siege, but most influx was due to migration from other parts of the Soviet Union. On 1 September 1914, after the outbreak of World War I, the Imperial government renamed the city Petrograd (Russian: Петроград[a], IPA: [pʲɪtrɐˈgrat]),[17] meaning "Peter's city", in order to expunge the German words Sankt and Burg. Among them are architectural monuments of federal significance. As of 2018, the Saint Petersburg Metro will include new stations: Prospekt Slavy, Dunayskaya, Shushary, Begovaya, and Novokrestovskaya, the latter built specifically to offer convenient access to the stadium during the 2018 FIFA World Cup games and games played by FC Zenit.[112]. Saint Petersburg has three large cargo seaports: Bolshoi Port Saint Petersburg, Kronstadt, and Lomonosov. St. Petersburg is a unique city with a special atmosphere and magnificent architecture, and also the place where the most memorable tourist routes begin. Many older buildings have been reconstructed to allow their use as apartments and penthouses. Saint Petersburg has three skyscrapers: Leader Tower (140 m), Alexander Nevsky (124 m) and Atlantic City (105 m) all far from the historical centre. [127] In particular, it was reported the number of crimes against tourists had fallen by more than half during 2009–2011. A newly built Terminal 1 of the Pulkovo airport was put into operation on 4 December 2013 and integrated international flights of the former terminal Pulkovo-2. [47] In 2006 Gazprom announced an ambitious project to erect a 403 m (1,322 ft) skyscraper (the Okhta Center) opposite to Smolny, which[according to whom?] [66] But in 2020 the COVID-19 pandemic caused a drop in birth rate, and the city population decreased to 5,395,000 people. Ленинградские хроники: от послевоенных 50-х до "лихих 90-х". After her resignation, Georgy Poltavchenko was appointed as the new acting governor the same day. Summers are moderately warm, with an average temperature of 65 °F (18 °C) in July. was changed to "Petrograd" in 1914 at the start of World War I because its original name sounded too German. [187], This article is about the city in Russia. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, https://www.britannica.com/place/St-Petersburg-Russia, Russia-InfoCentre - St. Petersburg, Russia, Maps of World - Saint Petersburg Map, Russia, CRW Flags - Flag of Saint Petersburg, Russia, Saint Petersburg - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Saint Petersburg - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). [91], Saint Petersburg has a significant historical and cultural heritage.[92][93][94][95][96][97][98]. The official portal of the Government of Saint Petersburg provided data on significant improvements in the crime situation. Marriott St. Petersburg Clearwater features a 37-inch flat-screen TV and a work desk in every guest room. This northern extension is an area of dormitory towns, resorts, sanatoriums, and children’s camps set among extensive coniferous forests and fringed by fine beaches and sand dunes. Ryan L. Baker, M.D. For the first time since the 1940s, food rationing was introduced, and the city received humanitarian food aid from abroad. 18 August] 1914, after the war with Germany had begun, that Tsar Nicholas II renamed the capital to Petrograd. A number of canals also have been cut to assist drainage. The very low and originally marshy site has subjected the city to recurrent flooding, especially in the autumn, when strong cyclonic winds drive gulf waters upstream, and also at the time of the spring thaw. Clearwater sijaitsee St. Petersburgista noin 25 kilometriä luoteeseen ja Tampa 30 kilometriä koilliseen. The city was formerly known as Petrograd (Петрогр́ад), and later Leningrad (Ленингр́ад). As a result, the steadily increasing passenger traffic has triggered a massive modernization of the entire airport infrastructure. In order to commemorate 300 years anniversary of Saint Petersburg a new park was laid out. In 1725, Peter died at age fifty-two. [111] Metro stations are often elaborately decorated with materials such as marble and bronze. In modern times, the city has the nickname of the "Northern Capital" and serves as a home to some federal government bodies such as the Constitutional Court of Russia and the Heraldic Council of the President of the Russian Federation. Sosnovka is the largest park within the city limits, occupying 240 ha. Having passed the role of capital to Petersburg, Moscow never relinquished the title of "capital", being called pervoprestolnaya ("first-throned") for 200 years. [44] This agreement was abolished on 4 April 2002.[45]. At that time it included the Leningrad Suburban District, some parts of which were transferred back to Leningrad Oblast in 1936 and turned into Vsevolozhsky District, Krasnoselsky District, Pargolovsky District and Slutsky District (renamed Pavlovsky District in 1944). It was heard over the radio and was said to have lifted the spirits of the surviving population. Saint Petersburg has a longstanding and world famous tradition in literature. In 1956 the popular ensemble Druzhba was founded by Aleksandr Bronevitsky and Edita Piekha to become the first popular band in the USSR during the 1950s. [73] The superior executive body is the Saint Petersburg City Administration, led by the city governor (mayor before 1996). Architecturally, it ranks as one of the most splendid and congenial cities of Europe. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. Shvidkovsky, Dmitry O. Resettling residents of kommunalkas is now on the way out, albeit shared apartments are still not uncommon. Do not continue to use St Petersburg Foundation if you do not agree to take […] 1 review of St . On 1 September 1914, after the outbreak of World War I, the Imperial government renamed the city Petrograd,[17] meaning "Peter's City", to remove the German words Sankt and Burg. [89] It was not until 2004 that the first high bridge across the Neva, which does not need to be drawn, Big Obukhovsky Bridge, was opened. Many others escaped or were evacuated, so the city became largely depopulated. But in 2003 Yakovlev suddenly resigned, leaving the governor's office to Valentina Matviyenko. The embankments and bridges are separated from rivers and canals by granite or cast iron parapets. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, St. Petersburg imbibed a new energy as crumbling facades, potholed roads, and cultural landmarks were renovated. The expected price of renting a … Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Southern suburbs of the city feature former imperial residences, including Petergof, with majestic fountain cascades and parks, Tsarskoe Selo, with the baroque Catherine Palace and the neoclassical Alexander Palace, and Pavlovsk, which has a domed palace of Emperor Paul and one of Europe's largest English-style parks. [120], Saint Petersburg is served by Pulkovo International Airport. Icebreakers prolong the navigation season. The largest are Vasilyevsky Island (besides the artificial island between Obvodny canal and Fontanka, and Kotlin in the Neva Bay), Petrogradsky, Dekabristov and Krestovsky. The construction of freeways such as the Saint Petersburg Ring Road, completed in 2011, and the Western High-Speed Diameter, completed in 2017, helped reduce the traffic in the city. 1. Some other residences nearby and making part of the world heritage site, including a castle and park in Gatchina, actually belong to Leningrad Oblast rather than Saint Petersburg. In 2007, Toyota opened a Camry plant after investing 5 billion roubles (approx. [24] On 27 May [O.S. Part of the city's territory west of Liteyny Prospekt is no higher than 4 m (13 ft) above sea level, and has suffered from numerous floods. A referendum on reversing the renaming of Leningrad was held on 12 June 1991, with 54.86% of voters (with a turnout of 65%) supporting "Saint Petersburg". [23] He needed a better seaport than the country's main one at the time, Arkhangelsk, which was on the White Sea in the far north and closed to shipping during the winter. On 13 June 1996 Saint Petersburg, alongside Leningrad Oblast and Tver Oblast, signed a power-sharing agreement with the federal government, granting it autonomy. Buses carry up to three million passengers daily, serving over 250 urban and a number of suburban bus routes. Official throughout the Russian Federation according to Article 68.1 of the. A law acknowledging the honorary title of "Hero City" passed on 8 May 1965 (the 20th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War), during the Brezhnev era. It is the second largest city of Russia and one of the world’s major cities. Baroque architecture became dominant in the city during the first sixty years, culminating in the Elizabethan Baroque, represented most notably by Italian Bartolomeo Rastrelli with such buildings as the Winter Palace. The 1994 Goodwill Games were also held here. Despite St. Petersburg's northern location, its winters are warmer than Moscow's due to the Gulf of Finland and some Gulf Stream influence from Scandinavian winds that can bring temperature slightly above freezing. "San Pietroburgo, la capitale del nord" by. [100] In 1992, the 7th Symphony was performed by the 14 surviving orchestral players of the Leningrad premiere in the same hall as half a century before. The entire elite leadership of Leningrad was destroyed, including the former mayor Kuznetsov, the acting mayor Pyotr Sergeevich Popkov, and all their deputies; overall 23 leaders were sentenced to the death penalty, 181 to prison or exile (exonerated in 1954). SKA Saint Petersburg is one of the most popular in the KHL, consistently being at or near the top of the league in attendance. Based on the 2010 census results the population is over 4.8 million. In the south Saint Petersburg crosses the Baltic-Ladoga Klint and meets the Izhora Plateau. Later some streets and other toponyms were renamed accordingly. The renovated terminal Pulkovo-1 has been opened for domestic flights as an extension of the Terminal 1 in 2015. [69], There are 268 communities of confessions and religious associations in the city: the Russian Orthodox Church (130 associations), Pentecostalism (23 associations), the Lutheranism (19 associations), Baptism (13 associations), as well as Old Believers, Roman Catholic Church, Armenian Apostolic Church, Georgian Orthodox Church, Seventh-day Adventist Church, Judaism, Buddhist, Muslim, Bahá'í and others.[69]. Quick Facts The birth date was listed as 14-11-1926. [citation needed] The oldest of the remaining building is a wooden house built for Peter I in 1703 on the shore of the Neva near Trinity Square. The musical life of Saint Petersburg is rich and diverse, with the city now playing host to a number of annual carnivals. Opel, Hyundai and Nissan have also signed deals with the Russian government to build their automotive plants in Saint Petersburg. Author of, 39 of the Most Challenging World Capitals Across History. [27] Tens of thousands of serfs died building the city. Each noon a cannon fires a blank shot from the fortress. The city's many local distilleries produce a broad range of vodka brands. The cult comedy Irony of Fate[105] (also Ирония судьбы, или С лёгким паром!) Dr. Baker has a diverse background in primary care; he has practiced medicine in a hospital setting, urgent care clinics and provided rehabilitative care. The 310-meter (1,020 ft) tall Saint Petersburg TV Tower is the tallest completed structure in the city. As new boroughs were built on the outskirts in the 1950s–1980s, over half a million low-income families eventually received free apartments, and about an additional hundred thousand condos were purchased. Floods in Saint Petersburg are triggered by a long wave in the Baltic Sea, caused by meteorological conditions, winds and shallowness of the Neva Bay. In addition, students may not use the USF St. Petersburg campus logo on personal business cards.