[23][24] Despite its large number of endangered sites and the circumstances surrounding them, African World Heritage Sites have never been stripped of their title, something that has only occurred twice.[25]. Africa has 17 sites on the danger list, accounting for 13% of all African sites and 35% of the 48 endangered sites worldwide. However, there are around a dozen archaeological sites in the country that are believed to be potential future candidates for World Heritage status. Outstanding terrain and biodiversity, as part of La Réunion National Park. The park features a variety of landforms, including. The protohistoric site of Bat lies near a palm grove in the interior of the Sultanate of Oman. The town of Mbanza Kongo, located on a plateau at an altitude of 570 metres, was the political and spiritual capital of the Kingdom of Kongo, one of the largest constituted states in Southern Africa from the 14th to 19th centuries. Among Africa's largest and best protected rain forests, the Cameroonian reserve is almost completely surrounded by the, The ruins of a Roman town in a mountainous location, including a, The site features the ruins of Dougga, a former capital of a. The capable and friendly AIA Tours staff makes it … Dating back to the 16th century CE, the dry-stone walled settlement is the largest and best preserved traditional enclosures of its kind. The ruins of the former Christian holy city contain a church, a baptistery, Africa's largest protected area, located in the Saharan desert of, The ruins of the city of Aksum, dating from the 1st to the 13th century, mark the heart of ancient Ethiopia and what was the "most powerful state between the Eastern Roman Empire and Persia". The large expanse of sand contains evidence of human occupation from the Stone Age to the present and is associated with the culture of the formerly nomadic ǂKhomani San people and the strategies that allowed them to adapt to harsh desert conditions. Blue for Northern Africa, orange for Eastern Africa, purple for Central Africa, green for Western Africa and red for Southern Africa. Contents [...] Typically, houses with patios crowd along narrow streets around a mosque with a square minaret. The French colonial settlement from the 17th century is on an island in the mouth of the. It includes, The Aldabra Atoll consists of four large coral islands and a lagoon, surrounded by a coral reef. The shield, which was created around 395–255 BC, turned the archaeological world upside down.Before this discovery, it had been widely assumed that bark shields wouldn’t have been strong enough to be used in actual combat. Digitizing Spaces To Educate The Public And Increase The Accessibility Of A Location . The list below ignores UNESCO's geopolitical definition of Africa and includes what it describes as sites in the "Arab States". Covered in elaborate brickwork with a blue tile inscription at the top, it is noteworthy for the quality of its architecture and decoration, which represent the culmination of an architectural and artistic tradition in this region. ", The important Roman outpost of Volubilis was founded in the 3rd century BCE to become the capital of. Kifissia (Roman Tomb monument near Platanou Square), List of paintings and plots by Pascal Coste and Eugène Flandin, Khoid Tsenkheriin Agui (Northern Cave of Blue), Paleolithic cave drawings, Tsagaan Agui (White Cave), Paleolithic cave drawings, Spanish Colonial Fortifications of the Philippines, This page was last edited on 18 March 2021, at 12:11. The countries are divided according to their regions. [1], Several efforts have been devoted to increasing the number of sites and preserving the heritage of existing sites on the continent; for example, on 5 May 2006, the African World Heritage Fund was launched by UNESCO to target the region of Sub-Saharan Africa. Archaeological Studies at Aksum . Between the 17th and 20th century, the island was used as a prison, including for political prisoners, a hospital for socially unacceptable groups, and a military base. A prime example of a town from the early Islamic period, the city was an important port during the 9th century. The city remains, which feature buildings with. The dense forests are one of the final remnants of high forests in southern Nigeria. Selection is based on ten criteria: six for cultural heritage (i–vi) and four for natural heritage (vii–x). [10][11] Africa has 17 sites on the danger list, accounting for 13% of all African sites and 35% of the 48 endangered sites worldwide. Located in an oasis, Ghadames is one of the oldest pre-Saharan cities and represents a traditional architecture with vertical division of functions. For one sorted by continent and time period, see the list of archaeological sites by continent and age. [19] Three sites were formerly declared as being in danger, but have since lost the status: the Ngorongoro Conservation Area (1984–1989),[20] the Rwenzori Mountains National Park (1999–2004),[21] and Tipasa (2002–2006). There are many types of archaeological sites. The former capital was founded in the 9th century and features the world's oldest university. The Democratic Republic of Congo and Libya both have 5 sites on the danger list, the second highest of any country in the world and two of the three countries to have more than three sites inscribed. Archaeological coverage is not yet full enough to trace the possible diffusion of Egyptian influence beyond the Sudan in these or earlier times. Science Archaeological discovery: First common currency in Europe. The AIA is North America's largest and oldest nonprofit organization dedicated to archaeology. "[9] Along with other World Heritage Sites, sites in danger are subject to re-evaluation by the committee every year at their "ordinary sessions". [2][3], As of September 2017, Somalia has no official World Heritage Sites since the Somali government is not party to the 1972 World Heritage Convention. One of the world's oldest Islamic cities and in the middle of urban Cairo, the site dates from the 10th century and reached its golden age in the 14th century. It is the last sacred grove of the. ), Meroitic or later. The fortress was the residence of the Ethiopian emperors during the 16th and 17th century. The crater, with a diameter of 190 km (120 mi), is the largest, oldest, and most deeply eroded. Three sites are in whole held by Uganda, Sudan and Madagascar. The park features well-preserved tropical rain forests and savanna, resulting in a diverse ecosystem consisting of endangered, large mammals. The World Heritage Committee adopted the changed name in 2013. An archaeological site is any place where there are physical remains of past human activities. There are 28 archaeological sites in Turkey that demonstrate the existence of the world’s earliest civilizations. Further south the principal excavated sites are Napatan (706-591 B.C. The urban fabric and main monuments date from the 13th and 14th centuries. The area has sustained human life thanks to fishing and shellfish gathering, for which there are 218 shellfish mounds across the site. more informations: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Archaeological_sites_in_Iran .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}ISBN 0-7230-1032-3, list of archaeological sites by continent and age, Reserva Provincial Castillos de Pincheira, Museum of the Mausoleum of the Nanyue King, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Archaeological_sites_in_Iran, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Iran, Ichijōdani Asakura Family Historic Ruins, Cerro de la Estrella (archeological site), Dacian Fortresses of the Orăştie Mountains, Bir Hima Rock Petroglyphs and Inscriptions, Category:Archaeological sites in Slovakia, List of Archaeological Protected Monuments in Sri Lanka, Verreville Glass and Pottery Works, Glasgow, Archaeological sites in the United States by State, http://www.stonepages.com/news/archives/001675.html, http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Kochi/more-studies-needed-at-pattanam/article4743789.ece, List of archaeoastronomical sites by country, The World Monuments Fund's Watch List of the 100 Most Endangered Sites, Fasti Online – an online database of archaeological sites, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_archaeological_sites_by_country&oldid=1012803951, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from May 2014, Articles containing Serbian-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Among the largest protected sites of West Africa, the park features the Comoé River and the unique flora which accompanies it. The mystique differentiates Qusayr Amra from the large Nabataean and Roman sites in Petra and Jerash for which Jordan is more known. In the News: Julio Mercader, Anthropology and Archaeology, in The Middle East North Africa Financial Network Diving in the icy depths: the scientists studying what climate change is doing to the Arctic Ocean. The site consists of eight protected areas that are among the richest in plant life worldwide, containing nearly 20% of Africa's total flora. Situated in the central Red Sea, Sanganeb, Dungonab Bay and Mukkawar Island feature a diverse system of coral reefs, mangroves, seagrass beds, beaches and islets, and host populations of seabirds, marine mammals, fish, sharks, turtles, manta rays and dugongs. Located on the border of plain and mountain forests, the park in south-western Uganda is home to over 160 species of trees, over a hundred species of. The fortified seaport built during the late 18th century has a mix of North African and European architecture, and was a major trading hub between the Sahara and Europe. The site features the remains of fortified trading posts, built along the Ghanaian coast between 1482 and 1786. It is said to be the fourth-holiest city of Islam. Its quarters, which specialised in commerce, administration and general housing, helped the city become the economic and judicial hub of the country, in addition to being its most important port. [b][12], Sites in Africa have been marked as such for a variety of reasons, such as deforestation and hunting,[13][14] civil war,[15] threats to and hostage taking of reserve staff,[16] oil and gas projects and mining,[17] declines in biodiversity,[18] and structural damage to buildings. Outside Africa, the oldest known H. sapiens fossils were at two sites in Israel, Skhul and Qafzeh, and had been dated to only between 90,000 and 120,000 years old. Most of the park, in the middle of the island of La Gomera of the, The park has vast savannas, grasslands and woodland, featuring elephants, giraffes, hippopotamuses and the, The site represents one of the least-disrupted islands and marine ecosystems in the, The city, now in ruins, was an important trading center between the 11th and 15th centuries, and was capital of the. ", The former capital of Egypt and city of the Egyptian god, Founded in the 9th century BCE, Carthage was developed into a trading empire spanning the, The Roman city of Leptis Magna was enlarged by Emperor, "A Phoenician trading-post that served as an outlet for the products of the African hinterland, Sabratha was part of the short-lived Numidian Kingdom of Massinissa before being Romanized and rebuilt in the 2nd and 3rd centuries. VR headsets are not required to experience this program. But a recent finding of a jaw bone in Misliya cave, Israel, has pushed the date of modern man’s first migration back much further. The site contains eleven medieval cave churches from the 13th century. Together with the neighbouring sites, it forms the most complete collection of settlements and necropolises from the 3rd millennium B.C. Many of the buildings date from the 16th to the 18th centuries. Read more. [a] These sites are located in 35 countries (also called "state parties"). The table is sortable by column by clicking on the, Ancient Ferrous Metallurgy Sites of Burkina Faso, Ancient Ksour of Ouadane, Chinguetti, Tichitt and Oualata, Archaeological Sites of the Island of Meroe, 15.335277777777778°N 38.935833333333335°E, Bassari Country: Bassari, Fula and Bedik Cultural Landscapes, Cidade Velha, Historic Centre of Ribeira Grande, Ecosystem and Relict Cultural Landscape of Lopé-Okanda, Ennedi Massif: Natural and Cultural Landscape, Forts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions, Gebel Barkal and the Sites of the Napatan Region, Kenya Lake System in the Great Rift Valley, 25.68761111111111°S 20.374583333333334°E, Mana Pools National Park, Sapi and Chewore Safari Areas, Medina of Tétouan (formerly known as Titawin), Memphis and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur, Nubian Monuments from Abu Simbel to Philae, Pitons, cirques and remparts of Reunion Island, Punic Town of Kerkuane and its Necropolis, Rabat, Modern Capital and Historic City: a Shared Heritage, Richtersveld Cultural and Botanical Landscape, Risco Caído and the Sacred Mountains of Gran Canaria Cultural Landscape, Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara, Sanganeb Marine National Park and Dungonab Bay – Mukkawar Island Marine National Park, For purposes of this article, "Africa" includes the entire African continent, along with certain Atlantic and Indian ocean islands in the geographic vicinity of Africa that remain under the sovereignty of European states. The royal city and burial site is a spiritual and sacred site which has created strong feelings of national identity for several centuries. Archaeological excavations at Aksum were first undertaken by Enno Littman in 1906 and concentrated on the monuments and the elite cemeteries. A prime example of an East African coastal trading town, its urban fabric and townscape remains intact. They tell the tale of socio-economic development from, The site is a testimony to the encounters between Africa and Europe from pre-colonial times to independence along the. This is a list of notable archaeological sites sorted by country and territories. Prehistoric archaeological sites are those without a written record. It contains 82 mosques, 102 shrines, and unique interior design in the townhouses. Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences covers the full spectrum of natural scientific methods with an emphasis on the archaeological contexts and the questions being studied. [1], The first sites from the continent were inscribed in 1978, when the Island of Gorée of Senegal and the Rock-Hewn Churches of Ethiopia were chosen during the list's conception. The Lakes of Ounianga are a series of 18 lakes located in the Sahara desert, in North-Eastern Chad. Morocco's most complete medina served as the main point of contact between Morocco and. Teachers use HistoryView VR as an online tool to bring historical sites and museums to the classroom. Kunta Kinteh Island and Related Sites was originally inscribed as James Island and Related Sites. Located at over 2000 metres above sea level, the capital of Eritrea developed from the 1890s onwards as a military outpost for the Italian colonial power. Archaeological-themed tours for the curious to the connoisseur. Four sites are shared between two countries: Maloti-Drakensberg Park (Lesotho and South Africa), the Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (Côte d'Ivoire and Guinea), the Stone Circles of Senegambia (the Gambia and Senegal), and the Mosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls (Zambia and Zimbabwe). The former capital features funerary monuments, like rock tombs, The park surrounds the 5,199 m (17,057 ft), The site features a concentration of wild animals in a crater beside the active volcano, Inhabited since 250 BCE, the city was an important link in the. The former capital was founded in the 11th century and turned into a city with Spanish-Moorish influence during the 17th and 18th centuries. For one sorted by continent and time period, see the list of archaeological sites by continent and age . [22] The Garamba National Park and Timbuktu have also lost their statuses in 1992 and 2005, respectively, but later regained it in 1996 and 2012. [7] UNESCO has also attempted to increase awareness of African human origin sites in Ethiopia, with a goal of conserving and protecting the areas from further deterioration. The site contains six pyramids, some originally as high as 70 feet, circular plazas and massive monumental architecture. They may include villages or cities, stone quarries, rock art, ancient cemeteries, campsites, and megalithic stone monuments. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has designated 145 World Heritage Sites in Africa. The city held the seat of twelve kings who ruled the. Forts, towers, archaeological, sites heritage centres and more | Art, Make the most of the cool weather and explore one of Qatar’s 6,000 archaeological and heritage sites.Qatar is home to thousands of heritage sites including ancient towns, watchtowers and settlements, some dating back to almost The 65m-tall Minaret of Jam is a graceful, soaring structure, dating back to the 12th century. The park is dominated by two extinct volcanoes, The former capital was founded in 670 and flourished in the 9th century. The park features incisive dramatic cutbacks, golden sandstone ramparts, and the largest concentration of cave art in Sub-Saharan Africa. The tombs, built after 1884, are a major example of prime architecture using organic materials, principally wood, The site features more than 4,500 rock art paintings in the. This is a list of notable archaeological sites sorted by country and territories. South Africa has the lead with ten sites; followed by Ethiopia and Morocco being home to nine sites; then Tunisia with eight sites; and Algeria, Egypt, Kenya, Senegal, and Tanzania at seven. From the Neolithic Age to the Roman Empire, here is a look at some of the most important archaeological sites in Turkey that continue to fascinate humankind. The Great Zimbabwe ruins are the largest collection of ruins in Africa south of the Sahara. The park features vast savannas with a wealth of flora and fauna, such as, The open savanna landscape lies at the confluence of the, The large boulders have been used as natural shelters since the early. Two millennia of rock carving, many of high artistic value, have been found at 150 shelters in the site. Standardized by shape and weight: 5,000 years ago, people used rings, bangles and axe blades as an early form of money. Located in western Egypt, the site contains fossil remains of the now extinct, agoras.typepad.fr/regard_eloigne/dominique-sewane/, www.sciencespo.fr/psia/users/dominiquesewane, This page was last edited on 7 March 2021, at 04:07. They illustrate a traditional way of life centred on the nomadic culture of the people of the western Sahara. It planned to protect the sites by hiring personnel for state parties to maintain national inventories of existing sites, as well as to "prepare nomination dossiers for inscription onto the World Heritage List." The fortified former Portuguese trading post has used the same architectural techniques, style, and materials since the 16th century. The Democratic Republic of Congo and Libya both have 5 sites on the danger list, the second highest of any country in the world and two of the three countries to have more than three sites inscribed. After 1935, Asmara underwent a large scale programme of construction applying the Italian rationalist idiom of the time to governmental edifices, residential and commercial buildings, churches, mosques, synagogues, cinemas, hotels, etc. The site is in a landscape with 15,000 cave engravings that record climatic changes, animal migrations, and the evolution of human life, dating from 6,000 BCE to the first centuries CE. Two sites are shared among three countries, Sangha Trinational (Central African Republic, Cameroon, and Congo) and W-Arly-Penjari Complex (Benin, Burkina Faso, and Niger). It contains mosques. In 2015, archaeologists working in Leicestershire, UK, made a discovery unique in the history of Europe—an Iron Age shield made from tree bark.. The parks are in the zone between savanna and forest lands, and are an important ecosystem for the biogeographical area. The medina holds 700 monuments, including palaces, mosques, mausoleums. The site has one of the largest concentrations of rock engravings in Africa, which range from a period of over 2,000 years. It is available on Chromebooks and tablets. Its scientific value is demonstrated by the presence of fire and radiation adaptivity in plants and seed dispersal by insects. Located in the heart of southern Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers, they are testament to a culture of great wealth and great architectural skill. A colonial town built during the 19th and 20th centuries, Grand-Bassam was the first Ivorian capital following French rule in the region. The city is on a plateau and surrounded by gorges and savanna. The park's vegetation varies from dense thickets to open wooded grasslands, and features large numbers of elephants, The vast savanna is known for the annual migration for herds of, The groups of stone circles are among over 1,000 different monuments along the. The rugged mountain that juts into the ocean was used as a shelter by runaway slaves through the 18th and early 19th centuries. This differs from UNESCO's regional classification which places several. The town, in the south of the island of Santiago, was the first European colonial outpost in the tropics, with remains dating back to the 16th century. The mountainous desert sustains the semi-nomadic livelihood of the. Thousands of cave paintings are visible in different styles, dating from 12,000 BCE to 100 CE. The site consists of six national parks, and protects the island's unique biodiversity, which has evolved in isolation for 60 million years. [26] Egypt is included as part of North Africa. [8], The World Heritage Committee may also specify that a site is endangered, citing "conditions which threaten the very characteristics for which a property was inscribed on the World Heritage List. Archaeological Sites of Bat, Al-Khutm and Al-Ayn. The site features the Palace of the Hidi, terraced fields, and the remains of a former iron industry. Two churches, a royal fortress, and Pillary Square help comprise the tropical town's original street layout. The ǂKhomani Cultural Landscape is located at the border with Botswana and Namibia in the northern part of the country, coinciding with the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park (KGNP).